Some suggested that on 911 the intelligence community was still operating in a cold war mindset with too much of its attention and resources focused on threats from nationstates. What a great and inexpensive way to feed your need to know. Acting intelligence chief freezes hiring and looks to cut. From secrets to policy, a superb introduction into the american intelligence community and its transition from the long cold war against the soviets to the current battles against rogues states and transnational terrorists. An umbrella for the nations 17 intelligence agencies, the office was created after the 911 commission found that the agencies had failed to share information before the attacks.
Jun 27, 2008 in the past year, the intelligence community has undergone soulsearching from within and intense scrutiny from without. The national commission on terrorist attacks upon the united states, also known as the 911 commission, was set up on november 27, 2002, in order to prepare a full and complete account of the circumstances surrounding the 911 attacks. Next part will be discussing the role president played and what should be the steps he should take in order to increase the communitys collection capabilities, analytical efficiency, and exchanging of information. The 911 commission clearly favored structural changes toward greater centralization of the community. Apr 06, 2020 the creation and responsibilities of new intelligence components in the department of defense, department of homeland security, department of the treasury, and drug enforcement administration. As the 911 commission notes, we are safer today but we are not safe, and much work remains. The organization, authorities, and activities of the counterintelligence field activity. The terrorist attacks of september 11, 2001 on new york and washington led to profound changes in u. This article briefly discusses the historical development of the cia and president carters reorganization of the intelligence community in 1978. As happened in the late 1940s and the mid1970s, the intelligence communitys mission and very structure are, in the aftermath of september 11th, being reconsidered and reoriented. Border watchlisting a decade after 911 border watchlisting a decade after 911.
The post911 intelligence community intelligence reform. The fbi appreciates the opportunity to remember mike in this forum. Sep 23, 2004 event summary of the brookings briefing. The chairman of the house permanent select committee on intelligence and a former cia officer, porter goss rfl. This work intends to be an assessment of the results of the irtpa on analysis, ten years after the. As richard betts wrote soon after september 11, the awful truth is. White house control, power sharing between agencies, or congressional control. The failure to detect the 911 terrorist plot largely stemmed from the improper coo. Intelligence communitys record in regard to the 911 attacks and make. Post 911, the fbis challenge was to develop an intelligence analyst and language specialist cadre that could match the collection capabilities of the special agents.
Id like to take a few minutes to talk about the current state of the terrorism threat, the fbis responsibility in neutralizing this threat, and the critical efforts we are undertaking with the intelligence community and law enforcement partners. It can be accessed via login or by signing up to become a cipher brief member. The first narrative centers on how to improve the performance of the intelligence commu. Moreover, he analyzes how the war on terrorism impacts collection, analysis, and counterintelligence, as well as ethical and moral standards. The failed intelligence reorganization needs reorganizing.
Intelligence community after 911 digital national security. The report focuses on the creation of the department of homeland security dhs and the office of the director of national intelligence odni. Aug 03, 2004 the sorrow, loss, anger, and resolve so evident immediately following the september 11, 2001, attacks have been combined in an effort to help assure that our country will never again be caught unprepared. It has been a decade since our nation suffered the greatest strategic surprise on american soil since the attack on pearl harbor. Books and monographs studies in intelligence index of declassified articles. The jury is still out on how post 911 developments such as the patriot act and secret detentions of american citizens have affected civil liberties and. Neary history repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce. The partnership for public service has released a new report that discusses lessons learned from government reorganization efforts after 911. View this essay on us intelligence community after 9 11. The creation and responsibilities of new intelligence components in the department of defense, department of homeland security, department of the treasury, and drug enforcement administration. Although in todays world we can never be 100 percent secure, and we can never do everything. Crisis and compromise in american intelligence after 911 is truly a unique book that provides a. Mike pompeo, the spymaster who couldnt stay in his lane.
Post9 11 intelligence reforms led to significant organizational change. Proposals for intelligence reorganization, 19492004 introduction the national security act of 1947 p. Intelligence reform after 911, 20012004 chapter 9 the cia. Proceedings of the 2008 center for homeland defense and security annual conference james burch abstract. The authors describe the organizational structure of the cia, and the duties, responsibilities and activities of its major offices. The 911 commission reports recommendations hurt the us by making its intelligent forces more centralized and bureaucratic. The option pursued reorganizing twentytwo separate agencies under a department of homeland security dhs reporting to congress has resulted in a dysfunctional organization that is understaffed and. The united states intelligence community ic is a group of separate united states government. Intelligence reform in the wake of 911 hoover studies in politics, economics, and society posner, richard a. Former cia official philip mudd discusses new book on post 911 intelligence community nprs lulu garcianavarro talks to philip mudd about his new book, black site. How 911 transformed the intelligence community wsj. This article examines the issue of post 911 reforms within the context of organizational mechanisms, information sharing, and intelligence oversight and how they stem from enduring community challenges since the founding of the peacetime intelligence apparatus in 1947. Us spending on intelligence has doubled since 911, with the national security agency and the cia taking the biggest share, according to the top secret budget leaked by the former nsa contractor. After it was discovered that the attacks were orchestrated by alqaeda, the information sparked intense debate in the political world.
Management lessons of 911 the partnership for public service has released a new report that discusses lessons learned from government reorganization efforts after 911. The findings of the 911 commission explained that the failure in preventing the attacks was due to. Intelligence reform in the wake of 911 hoover studies in politics, economics. Us intelligence spending has doubled since 911, top secret.
Post911 intelligence reforms led to significant organizational change. Uncertain shield is one of three books about us intelligence and counter terrorist activities written by judge richard a. The intelligence reorganization under the irtpa granted the dni exclusive authority to protect intelligence sources and methods from unauthorized disclosure and to prepare intelligence products for dissemination. Eliminating or scaling back the office of the director of national intelligence would be a big help. Ten years ago, our law enforcement and intelligence communities were driven by a cold war. This paper, discusses that is post 911 reorganization of the intelligence community been a step in the right direction or another in a series of potentially costly missteps. Lessons learned from post911 reorganizations homeland. That hearing epitomized the failure of post 911 reforms of u. Supporting us foreign policy in the post911 world central. Bushs moderate support for intelligence reform set an important precedent. Restructuring the intelligence community 71 cia, a component of the intelligence community with its own speci.
The washington post reported in 2010 that there were 1,271 government. He expertly shows how the intelligence process serves a continually changing agenda given post 911 needs and concerns. On the other hand, great offense was taken when a briefing book prepared. The work that remains in part is dependent on the proper technology to embrace 911 and post 911 policies, in part on the intelligence community prioritizing efforts against terrorist travel, and of course on the willingness of our foreign partners to. Us intelligence community after 9 11 essay 956 words. These changes and the emphasis on information sharing have also resulted in the significant application of resources. These changes and the emphasis on information sharing.
A means to learn from the fall of those twin towers and the 3000 lives lost was of grave importance to the security of the nation and the. Will reorganization of the cia and other intelligence agencies, as well as the appointment of a director of national intelligence, create fundamental change in the u. The failure to detect the 911 terrorist plot largely stemmed from. Fbi the state of intelligence reform 10 years after 911. In december 2004 congress passed a law calling for a major reorganization of the intelligence community. The intelligence community before 911 could be understood as. Pundits, scholars, commentators and others quickly labeled 911 an intelligence failure. A second reorganization is needed that will streamline and consolidate the multiheaded hydra that is the u. No one wanted to obliterate the distinctions between foreign intelligence and law enforcement, but it was judged necessary to ensure coordinated collection and the sharing of collected information under adequate rules and guidelines. This work, proposals for intelligence reorganization, 19491996, is available in two. Neary with the passage of time and hardearned perspective, perhaps real change is now possible.
Some suggested that on 911 the intelligence community was still operating in a cold war mindset with too. Former cia official philip mudd discusses new book on post. General and specific homeland security strategies 236. Because the cia is independent of any executive branch department, the dci had plenary. Doc the implications of post911 intelligence community. In the post 911 world the intelligence community was once again charged and reenergized to prevent another such attack and in a way take the war back to the enemies door step and off of our shores. Swan 1 the implications of post911 intelligence community restructuring since al qaedas surprise attack on september 11, 2001 the united states intelligence community ic has been under the microscope of scholars, the media, the government, and the american people to adapt and change to the rise of postcold war threats to national security. Before 911, the mission of this department was focused on threats originating from outside territories controlled by the united. The intelligence community is first and foremost a creature of the executive branch, so thenpresident george w. We hope our comments will give the committee a better sense of how far the government. Proposals for restructuring the intelligence community by creating a dni had been. It took barely one week after 911 for major intelligence reforms to be introduced in congress. The bush administrations intelligence reorganization, based on the deified recommendations of the 911 commission to expand the intelligence bureaucracy, is an abysmal failure.
Intelligence community has been drastically restructured since 911, in an effort to prevent future terrorist attacks, specifically concentrating on interdepartment information sharing. How 911 transformed the intelligence community its no longer about need to know. The sorrow, loss, anger, and resolve so evident immediately following the september 11, 2001, attacks have been combined in an effort to help assure that our country will never again be caught unprepared. Despite clear trends, policymakers have often tried to childproof every potential target against terrorism. Sep 07, 2011 ten years have passed since the united states was attacked by alqaeda terrorists on september 11, 2001. Truman signed into law the national security act, which served as the organizational basis for the us conduct of the cold war. Although in todays world we can never be 100 percent. Intelligence community with respect to 911 and estimating the state of iraqi weapons of mass destruction programs. Proposals for intelligence reorganization, 19492004. Its history, organization, functions, and publications. Us intelligence community reform studies since 1947 central. Mark lowenthal, a longtime veteran of the intelligence community, is the author of intelligence.
Following the september 11th terrorist attacks, which instantly transformed the u. Prior to the 9 11 attacks, the community had recognized that reorganization, integration of intelligence activities, and a shift in intelligence culture was necessary to adapt to evolving threats. Jul 17, 2004 the final report of the commission investigating the sept. Bush s moderate support for intelligence reform set an important precedent. Posner, in the first fulllength study of the post 911 movement for intelligence reform, argues that the 911 commissions analysis, on which congress relied, was superficial and its organizational proposals unsound. Intelligence in a post 911 world 11 words 123 help me. The post 911 intelligence community intelligence reform, 20012009. Us intelligence spending has doubled since 911, top. The inability to connect the dots led to significant debates to improving intelligence.
Knowledgesharing in the intelligence community after 911 article in international journal of intelligence and counterintelligence winter 20044. Two narratives dominate the literature on the history of post911us intelligence community reorganization. An empirical analysis of failed intelligence reforms before. Post 911 intelligence reforms led to significant organizational change. Knowledgesharing in the intelligence community after 911. Today, almost half of the fbis special agents were hired post 911, and have grown up in the intelligenceled culture of todays fbi working sidebyside with analysts. Clapper, director of national intelligence its no longer about need to know. Reorganization and reform raise other questions particularly concerning domestic intelligence. The 911 commission concluded that a wholesale reorganization of the intelligence community was needed. In reorganizing homeland defense after 911, the government had three options. He is a former general counsel of the central intelligence agency and currently.
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